Thursday, August 27, 2020

Short Case Essay Example for Free

Short Case Essay At your organization, a bottler of characteristic spring water, the publicizing office has as of late propelled a crusade that stresses the virtue of your item. The business is profoundly serious, and your association has been severely harmed by a protracted strike of unionized workers. The strike truly disturbed creation and dispersion, and it made your organization lose huge incomes and piece of the overall industry. Since the strike is finished, your organization should battle to recover lost clients and should pay for the expanded wages and advantages called for in the new association contract. The company’s budgetary circumstance is problematic without a doubt. You and the whole senior supervisory group have high trusts in the new promotion crusade, and beginning purchaser reaction has been sure. You are stunned, at that point, when your head of tasks reports to you that an irate laborer has disrupted one of your packaging plants. The laborer brought a concoction into one of the machines, which thus defiled 120,000 containers of the spring water. Luckily, the substance is available in amazingly minute amountsâ€no shopper might endure hurt except if the person in question drank more than 10 gallons of the water every day over an extensive stretch of time. Since the machine has just been cleaned, any danger of long haul presentation has been basically killed. In any case, obviously, the cases made by your new promotion battle couldn't be all the more bogus. Rundown the entirety of the partners associated with this circumstance. Do any partner bunches have more to pick up or lose than others? Build up a system for managing the sullying. What amount does a company’s money related circumstance decide how moral predicaments are taken care of? In this circumstance the rundown of partners would be everybody in the organization. On the off chance that the organization can't bring in cash, at that point the organization is in question and this partners are everybody that is utilized, this incorporates myself as the proprietor of the organization to the work representatives that have a recently arranged work contract. I don't accept that anybody bunch has pretty much to free; instinctually, I would think the lower wage laborers would have more to free, yet is really false, on the grounds that its all family member. The technique I would use to manage this circumstance is to remain legitimate a consistent with the item the organization sells and to the workers. Initially, I would compose a point by point letter to everybody clarifying the circumstance. I would clarify the situation of the organization before this episode and the possible ramifications of this circumstance. The company’s money related circumstance has a great deal to manage how this circumstance. Which is the reason I feel it is imperative to be straightforward. My arrangement is discard the defiled gracefully alongside any gear that would debase future items. I would work the chief or executive of disease control to ensure the polluted item is suitably discarded and to think of an arrangement that would guarantee this doesn't occur once more. One everything is said and done, I would hand-off all applicable data to all the representatives of the association. Further, I would l hand-off a recently made approach of what how workers will how act as such will be managed.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Characteristics of Expressionism Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Qualities of Expressionism - Term Paper Example The paper Qualities of Expressionism explores the fundamental highlights of expressionism. The four compositions that inspire compelling feelings and are illustrative of Expressionism have been looked over Van Gogh, El Greco, Edvard Munch, and Picasso. Brilliant Night is one of Vincent Van Gogh’s well known works of art. Albeit much ado has been made about the stars and moon in this work of art, the inauspicious dark tree figure can likewise hold meaning. El Greco’s View of Toledo has been contrasted with Starry Night. While there are likenesses, the unpropitious tempest moving toward the city in El Greco’s painting brings out a dread not found in Van Gogh’s painting. Pablo Picasso’s Guernica is a painting about the German bombarding of the Basque town of Guernica. This impact of items shows the turmoil of war. At long last Edvard Munch’s The Scream shows a man with his hands on his cheeks and mouth all the way open. This composition works up sentiments of a base loss of control finishing in a tweaking shout. These artistic creations utilize various procedures to evoke feelings from the crowd. Expressionism is an expansive term. The Expressionism development that created Expressionism Art was established in Germany and Austria in the mid twentieth century. Expressionism Art is any kind of craftsmanship that utilizations contorted intends to communicate an inclination. While the development began in the mid twentieth century, numerous different specialists from the late nineteenth century were incorporated because of their work of art style. Vincent Van Gogh was one of these specialists, in spite of having kicked the bucket before the twentieth century.

How stakeholder theory linked with Corporate social resoponisiblty IN Essay - 1

How partner hypothesis connected with Corporate social resoponisiblty IN TESCO - Essay Example Tesco is an association that is the advertising operator and structures some portion of the stakeholders’ hypothesis. It is connected with CSR in that it is remembered for the yearly reports given to CEOs and it characterizes the terms and arrangements of the firm with the end goal of uprightness of the firm (Louche, Idowu and Leal Filho, 2010) Investors then again give the cash-flow to the organization and furthermore prepare advertise for the items and administrations. Every one of these gatherings has a major task to carry out in the business participate. Henceforth there is requirement for a wellbeing concurrence with these gatherings with the business. Blattberg who is a scholar contends that partner hypothesis expect the interests of partners yet a trade off can be made on these gatherings upon close contemplations (Simpson and Taylor, 2013). Louche, C., Idowu, S. O., and Leal Filho, W. (2010). Innovative CSR from chance administration to value creation. Sheffield, UK, Greenleaf.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Business Strategy Long Term Plan

Question: Talk about the Business Strategy for Long Term Plan. Answer: Presentation: The meaning of business procedure is a drawn out game plan intended to accomplish a specific objective or set of objectives or destinations. Methodology chooses how business ought to be direct to accomplish the ideal objectives. Without a procedure the executives will have no game plan to manage them (Stewart, 2008). Methodology is utilized wherever by everybody to play out their day by day exercises. At the point when we consider system, the vast majority of us partner this word with mental knowledge which incorporates the way toward investigating different choices to execute certain plans or might be to take care of existing issues. Indeed, even many well eminent organizations have blended the expression procedure with investigating and concocting a specific hazard evidence intend to additionally process their endeavor or to dispose of organization's root issues, and this term is likewise utilized as a trendy expression to make them look brilliant as it were. In any case, this priv ilege here is a colossal fantasy that individuals are following indiscriminately, system isn't actually a psyche arranging procedure, and it really is all the more a pragmatic thing than that of a hypothetical or mental thing. To explain the above hypothesis, how about we take a model, assume you are sitting for an assessment following fourteen days, presently your system isn't to get A+ in those tests yet rather your methodology is to adapt viably and productively by dealing with your time astutely for your up and coming tests with the end goal for you to score A+ and to satisfy your objective. You should figure out how to separate between strategies/plans/goals and technique, they are totally various things, however they oblige one another. System without strategies is slowest course to triumph, strategies without methodology is commotion without defeat(Tzu, n.d.) . Great procedure gives clear and inner voice answers to 4 key inquiries: Where do we battle? What epic quality do we bring? What resources or limits do we use to pass on that value? How might we bolster our unique worth? First we have to know our character appropriately, what our identity is, the thing that do we convey, and what serious fields will we be dynamic in , then we have to know why our clients or buyers pick our items and administration , is it due to our remarkable picture, customization, ,styling or might be even unwavering quality, at that point we have the information on what sources we utilize so as to take into account our objective market , is it our boss advances, or our extraordinary human capital or might be even our unmatched system association, lastly we need to mindful about any sort of elements than can shield our rivals from being willing or ready to reproduce the worth we make for our focused on clients and what components permits us to keep on prevailing upon time. Henry Mintzberg, a champion among the most particularly respected business specialist of our day would require you to understand that technique is progressively about what you truly do instead of what you intend to do, that is your authentic system immerges when you do it that may not agree with your game plans. To decide your system, you should see completely the inside and outside ecological components that influence you. With that understanding, you can distinguish your unmistakable focal points and utilize these to be fruitful. From that point, you can settle on educated decisions and execute your technique effectively.(Mindtools, n.d.) To give probably the best instances of enormous organizations who have prevailing by utilizing a full confirmation system to run their organization, they are Google, Apple, and IKEA. What these organizations share for all intents and purpose is that first: clearly they are gigantically fruitful in the present market and second: their interesting system to make their items or administrations needed by the purchasers. Toning it down would be ideal this is the specific thing that Google adjusted to reach to the level that they are at the present time (Afshar, 2015). Google's main rival is Yahoo!, and in the event that you visit Yahoo's! page then you can discover quantities of snaps that is in their site page yet is you go to google.com you see just a single tick bar that is the inquiry bar. It was not constantly like this with Google, they additionally had bunches of snaps in their website page when it was simply beginning, however they explored, they broke down their objective market altogether and made note of their needs, and what might be simpler for them, and with heaps of experimentation they thought of the hunt bar. On account of that solitary pursuit bar Google is effective to the point that it has advanced toward oxford word reference with its own term Google (Stephenson, 2014). Along these lines, from this model we can discover that Google 's objective was to be effective among individuals by being the most utilized entrance to inquire about, however they didn't generally have the possibility of toning it down would be ideal procedure, rather they gradually cleared their direction and explored different avenues regarding bunches of stuffs before thinking of this special technique. Thus, methodology is a greater amount of what you do than what you expect to do. The pith of system is picking what not to do.(Porter, n.d.) All in all, simply remember the 4 key inquiries, when you know these answers you will be well in your way to deal with articulating a sensible procedure. Week 5: What is confine structure and by what means would business be able to utilize it to assess global exchange openings? Confine is a little edge work that Pankaj Ghemawat made considering research in overall budgetary perspectives, which recommends that the measure of two countries trade with one another is strongly affected by whether they're similar or different along a heap of estimations and he took those estimations and gathered them under the rubric oven abbreviation where C stays for social A represents administrative/political G represent geographic and E stays for money related with the general idea being that trade relationship just as most sorts of coordinated efforts are regularly hosed by contrasts along these estimations and typically improved by resemblances along these estimations and the effect genuinely are enormous. Thusly, if you envision that stock trade of 2 countries have a similar position tongue, if they are a bit of a neighborhood trading course of action, if they share a common edge, and in case they have near degree of per capita pay, as in state both being delivered countries you may foresee that them will trade 10-15 fold the amount of with each extraordinary as to likewise assessed countries that didn't welcome those mutual attributes so what we are talking about here is really gigantic relationship just as a relationship that certified is financially noteworthy as in the impact are colossal and utility of the framework years instead of simply leaving the talk at every country is unmistakable. References Afshar, V., 2015. Something worth mulling over on business technique advancement enterprise. [Online] Available at: https://blog.strategyzer.com/posts/2015/11/23/something worth mulling over on-business-system development enterprise Innosight, n.d. Busines Model Innovation. [Online] Available at: www.innosight.com/administrations mastery/ability/plan of action innovation.cfm Mindtools, n.d. Creating Strategy. [Online] Available at: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/creating strategy.htm Watchman, M., n.d. Potters 5 power model. s.l.:s.n. Sthler, P., 2016. Plan of action development. [Online] Available at: https://blog.business-model-innovation.com/ Stephenson, J., 2014. Advancement QUOTE. [Online] Available at: https://www.khemeiaconsulting.com/development quote-imaginative organizations apprehensive plan of action Stewart, S., 2008. Quick Business Intelligence Success. [Online] Available at: www.Rapid-Business-Intelligence-Success.com/defination-of-business-strategy.html Tzu, S., n.d. Specialty of War. s.l.:s.n.

Is An Argument Structure Essay Sample The Best Choice For Passing A Test?

Is An Argument Structure Essay Sample The Best Choice For Passing A Test?A short classical argument structure essay sample can make the difference between passing an exam or a failure. A good student is one who has been forced to take a lot of exams and makes it a point to be consistent throughout the academic calendar. An even better student knows how to put together a good structured argument and shows that they know their subject matter very well.Some students may get through the course without having to do any essays, but others may have to be much more creative in their writing. Those who are talented may also be self-motivated enough to finish all the assignments before the deadline. These students may also excel in these types of tests and examinations. On the other hand, there are students who will struggle and may have to take numerous tests and examinations in their junior or senior year.One reason for a student to struggle academically is that they may not have any idea wh at they need to write in order to pass the test. They may want to study English Literature, history, geography, psychology, and other subjects, but they may find that they are not able to learn enough about a particular subject. For instance, they may not be familiar with African American literature and so they may not be able to write well about African American authors or a situation that is common in African American communities.When a student takes the SAT or ACT exam, they should prepare in advance by taking the new test. An online tutorial can help them decide what kind of test is most appropriate for them. Students may get distracted while doing this and so the best way to do this is to find a video tutorial that will teach them how to prepare for the particular type of test that they are taking. The tutorial will cover topics such as the test materials, strategy for composing the test question, and topics on writing an essay or composition.Some students may want to use short argument structure essay samples in order to study grammar and sentence structures. For example, they may learn about the rules of grammar and sentence structure. There are also several different types of questions that a student can work on with the help of these essay samples.One type of question that a student may write is about the trend in movies and television that emphasizes violence over the original story. The students should analyze the message that the movie or television is trying to send and find out if it is one that they agree with. They can then explain why they think the message is wrong.The essay samples that are available for these types of tests are relatively short in length because the topics that they cover are not complex. The students may also get some practice on writing as well as preparing for specific types of writing. Another advantage is that they will be able to learn about grammar and sentence structure without having to read lengthy books.The best part about short argument structure essay samples is that they can help students to know what topics to study in order to pass their tests. Since the topics are not too difficult, the students will be able to study faster and still be able to figure out the subject matter that they are required to write about. Their research skills will also improve and they will be able to understand important issues relating to a subject.

Friday, July 3, 2020

Get Your Top-notch Homework Help Here at.com!

Get Your Top-notch Homework Help Here at.com! Get Your Top-notch Homework Help Here at.com! Sometimes doing homework can be a rather daunting and frustrating task. It might be for a reason that it is hard to concentrate and get the things done fast and efficiently. Having problems with your school assignments? Your grades are suffering? You are getting Bs where you could have gotten As? Then it might be high time you started seeking help with homework. And BookwormLab.com is the place youre looking for. Our knowledgeable specialists will be more than happy to provide homework help in any discipline and of any academic level. How to Do Your Homework Quickly Here are some tips for you to make use of while working on various school assignments: Organize your homework schedule. Make a priority list of things you have to complete and tackle the hardest ones first. Keep track of time. This will help you stay focused and motivated. Take breaks between assignments. Do not forget to reward yourself. It will definitely boost up your motivation. Get rid of all possible distractions, for example, music, TV, radio, etc. Avoid procrastination. BookwormLab.com Knows How to Do Your Homework Really Fast Do you feel stressed out because of your homework? Have you ever been daydreaming during study time? Do you find yourself torn between doing your homework or having fun and relaxing for a while? And almost every time when your deadline gets closer you are questioning yourself and thinking how to do your homework fast? There is absolutely no need to worry about this thing. Our online custom writing agency is ready to offer our services and help with homework. Feel free to contact us in case you have got problems with completing your research paper, term paper, essay, report, etc. Our Homework Help Services Are All About: 24/7 reliable support team special offers and discounts 100% payment security absolute confidentiality We have a team of highly experienced graduates in all branches of science who will be ready to assist you. Once you have placed your order with us, the support team will get back to you immediately and decide upon the best suitable writer specializing in your discipline. Start Benefiting Even Now Your paper will be written from scratch and tailored in accordance with your guidelines, so that it adheres to your teachers requirements. Even when it seems like your problems are insurmountable, they really arent. You might be at a loss not knowing how to do my homework or how to write a research proposal. Contact us now and get the best time saving solution for your assignments! BookwormLab.com is your best match for your homework assistance.

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Essay Scientific Inquiry - 1286 Words

Scientific inquiry is a process of critical thinking and asking questions that helps determine factual information that has been tested and proved or disproved instead of relying on assumptions and intuition. Scientific inquiry is important in psychology, as it is in all fields of science, allowing us to examine assumptions, assess outcomes, discern hidden values, evaluate evidence, and put ideas to the test. This scientific approach guards us against hindsight bias, believing after learning an outcome that we would have foreseen it, known also as the knew-it-all-along phenomenon. It also protects us from judgmental overconfidence, the bias to seek information that confirms a judgment based on intuition. Hindsight bias and overconfidence†¦show more content†¦This one individual, if studied, would provide a different set of data then the one’s used to conclude that smokers die younger. The survey is another useful tool that asks questions and asks people to report thei r behavior or opinions. Surveying allows a psychologist to gather information from large groups, but this can still error because the requested information relies on the wording of a question, the group selected to respond, and the respondents giving accurate self reports. If we were to survey students on college campus on their drinking habits we will get a very different response from the professors on the same college campus with the same survey. Naturalistic observation is a research method that allows us to watch and record data in a natural occurring environment. This allows us to observe situations without external controls or manipulations. However, naturalistic observation only permits us to describe a behavior, not explain it. The correlation method is a statistical measure that makes data that may have gone unnoticed, now seen to the eye by indicating the possibility of a relationship between two closely related things. Statistics show that children today watch more te levision, while another shows children today read less. With these two ideas we may predict a statistical relationship that children today read less because they are watching more television. The down side to this approach is that correlation does not provideShow MoreRelatedScientific Method and Steps in Scientific Inquiry664 Words   |  3 PagesScientific Method and Steps in Scientific Inquiry Thomas J. Tophia Jr. BSHS/435 May 26, 2016 Dr. Judith A. Geske Scientific Method and Steps in Scientific Inquiry This paper will define and describe the scientific method and the steps in scientific inquiry. This paper will further explain what the steps are in the scientific method of inquiry or research process and why each of these steps must be included to support the scientific method. Further the paper will briefly discussRead MoreScientific Method and Steps in Scientific Inquiry Paper1036 Words   |  5 PagesScientific Method and Steps in Scientific Inquiry Paper Monique Reed BSHS/435 February 22, 2015 Dora Baker Scientific Method and Steps in Scientific Inquiry Paper In this paper in will provide details on how scientific methods can be used in the Human services. Explaining the steps of scientific methods, and how it serves as an important key to Human services professionals. Each steps will be included on how they are define and what purpose it serves will scientific methods are applied. HumanRead MoreThe Scientific Methods Of Research Inquiry1247 Words   |  5 PagesThe five scientific methods which include the question, hypotheses, experimentation, data analysis and conclusion are critical to a scientist because they enable them to have a credible data and conclusion on their research. It is realized that the usage of this methods are advantageous to anybody including business people, for as long as one follows the steps they will be sure of getting a credible outcome at the end of the day. I would emphasize that people should employ this method a lot becauseRead MoreThe Scientific And Disciplined Inquiry Approach757 Words   |  4 Pageso f assumptions.† Research should be conducted in a structured, systematic manner. When conducting research, many researchers use the Scientific and Disciplined Inquiry Approach. By following a set of systematic steps, researchers are able to use both inductive and deductive reasoning to critically analyze topics of interest. These steps are known as the scientific method. The steps include: identify and analyze the problem, collect data, draw conclusions, and revise theories. This essay will defineRead MoreUsing Scientific Inquiry Model in High School Biology1339 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant that students learn by inquiry and use more of a hands-on approach to learning scientific concepts. According to Wilke and Straits (2005), inquiry-based learning is where students explore a problem using the processes and tools of the discipline. It is often shown in a way that resembles the scientific method (Wilke Straits, 2005). The scientific inquiry model demonstrates four phase s that involve students in identifying a problem and investigation using inquiry-based learning (Joyce, WeilRead MoreUsing Scientific Inquiry Methods During Laboratory And Outdoor Investigations1941 Words   |  8 PagesTargeted Skill: The student will work collaboratively with a team using a modified scientific inquiry process to investigate and document changes in length and mass when gummy bear candies are placed in different liquids for twenty–four hours. Targeted Grade Level: â€Å"Mary† is a fourth grade student who receives special education support in reading. She is at a 1.8 reading level and struggles not only in reading, but also in other core subjects when reading is required. Mary likes science, butRead MoreQuestions On Science : Science Inquiry6774 Words   |  28 PagesElementary Methods Unit 5: Science Inquiry in the Classroom Summary: In today?s traditional science classroom, teachers are the givers of knowledge and present the required information in either a lecture or presentation method. Students are expected to sit quietly, take notes and retain the information for the test at the end of the unit. When student do engage in science activities, they do not often connect the concept with the activity with causes a lack of student understanding and retentionRead MoreThe Inquiry Approach to Learning Essay915 Words   |  4 PagesInquiry is an interactive way of learning. Students are actively engaged in their studies. Inquiry involves student-centered activities focusing on questioning, exploring, and posing explanations. The goal of inquiry is to introduce a new way of learning where students can learn about the world around them through active engagement in real-life examples. Inquiry based learning can be incorporated into all academic subjects throughout the curriculum. Science could possibly be the most effectiveRead MoreHow Teachers Can Use Social Constructivist Based Instructional Practices3528 Words   |  15 Pagesfluid enough to allow for student-led inquiry. This paper analyzes several studies and discussions put forth within the last five years that discuss how instructional practices, like cooperative learning, inquiry-based learning and scaffolding, are ways teachers can use social constructivist-based practices in the classroom. While most of the studies, which were mostly done within a single school in a small number of classrooms, show that cooperative learning, inquiry-based learning and scaffolding isRead MoreInquiry Based Learning1454 Words   |  6 Pages(Justice, Rice, Roy, Hudsptih, Jenkins, 2009).The success and development of skills of an individual begins in school. Inquiry based learning is one approach that plays a critical role in the development in array of skills, knowledge, and concepts needed to become successful individuals and is not new to educati on. Inquiry based learning is not a new concept in education. Inquiry based learning can be traced back to educational theorists such as Dewey, Bruner, Postman, and Weingarten (Justice, Rice

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

African-American History Timeline 1920â€1929

The 1920s, often called the Roaring Twenties, is synonymous with the Jazz Age and the Harlem Renaissance. African-American musicians, visual artists, and writers were able to achieve great fame and notoriety for their work during this period.   Meanwhile, African-American communities were ravaged following riots, and students were establishing fraternities and sororities on college campuses.   1920 January 16: Zeta Phi Beta, an African-American sorority, is founded at Howard University. February 13: The Negro National Baseball League is founded by Andrew Bishop Rube Foster (1879–1930). Eight teams are part of the league. August 18: The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified, granting women the right to vote. However, African-American women residing in Southern states are barred from voting through poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses. August: Marcus Garvey (1887–1940) holds the first international convention of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) in New York City. 1921 The first exhibition of African-American artists is held at the 135th Street Branch of the New York Public Library. Artists such as Henry Ossawa Tanner are featured in the exhibit. January 3: The Binga State Bank is established in Chicago by Jesse Binga (1856–1950). The banking institution is considered the largest African-American bank in the United States before the stock market crash of 1929. March: Shuffle Along, written by Noble Sissle (1889–1975) and Eubie Blake (1887–1983), debuts on Broadway. The musical is considered the first major theatrical production of the Harlem Renaissance. March: Harry Pace establishes Black Swan Phonograph Corporation. The company is the first African-American record company. Prominent artists include Mamie Smith, Bessie Smith, and Ethel Waters. May 31: The Tulsa Race Riot begins. When the riot ends the following day, an estimated 60 African-Americans and 21 white residents have been killed. In addition to these casualties, the African-American business district known as Deep Greenwood is destroyed. June 14: Georgiana R. Simpson becomes the first African-American woman to receive a Ph.D., in philology from the University of Chicago. The next day, Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander becomes the second, in economics, from the University of Pennsylvania. Soon after, Eva B. Dykes graduates from Radcliffe. 1922 The Harmon Foundation is developed to recognize and assist African-American artists. January 26: The Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill, the first of its kind, passes the U.S. House of Representatives in part due to the efforts of the NAACP leader James Weldon Johnson and Ida B. Wells. It is blocked from getting to the Senate for a vote by southern Democrats.   November 12: Sigma Gamma Rho, an African-American sorority is founded in Indianapolis. 1923 The National Urban League begins publishing the magazine Opportunity: Journal of Negro Life. Edited by Charles S. Johnson, the publication becomes one of the leading boosters of the Harlem Renaissance. Rajo Jack DeSoto (born Dewey Gatson) is the first African-American to participate in a professional car race, in a souped-up Model T Ford. January 1: The Rosewood Massacre occurs, a race riot which ended in the complete razing of the town of Rosewood, Florida. January 3: William Leo Hansberry (1894–1965), a professor at Howard University, teaches the first course on African history and civilization at a university in the United States. January 12: Marcus Garvey is arrested for mail fraud and sent to a federal prison in Atlanta. February: Bessie Smith records her first sides for Columbia. Her song â€Å"Down Hearted Blues† will become the first million-selling record by an African-American recording artist. February 23: In the Moore v. Dempsey court case, the Supreme Court led by Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes ruled that federal courts were duty bound to review claims of mob domination of state trials, and ordered released six black men who had been convicted in an Arkansas trial. September: The Cotton Club opens in Harlem. November 20: Garrett T. Morgan patents the caution light, also known as the three-position traffic signal. 1924 James Van Der Zee (1886–1983) begins his career as a photographer. The National Bar Association  is founded by African-American attorneys in Des Moines, Iowa. It is incorporated in 1925. Clifton Reginald Wharton (1899–1990) becomes the first African-American to rise to the rank of U.S. ambassador through the U.S. Foreign Service (rather than being appointed). 1925 Alain Locke (1885–1954) publishes The New Negro, an anthology featuring African-American writers and visual artists of the Harlem Renaissance. August 8: 30,000 unmasked Ku Klux Klansman march on Washington, DC. August 25: A. Philip Randolph establishes the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Maids. October: The American Negro Labor Congress, a communist-based organization, is developed to recruit and help African-Americans fight racism and discrimination. 1926 Arturo Alfonso Schomburg sells his collection of books and artifacts to the Carnegie Corporation. The collection becomes part of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in New York City. Alfred Knopf publishes The Weary Blues, the first volume of poetry by 24-year-old Langston Hughes. February: Negro History Week commemorating the birthdays of Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass, is celebrated for the first time. It was developed by historian Carter G. Woodson. June 26: Dr. Mordecai Johnson is the first African-American president of Howard University. 1927 Journalist Floyd Joseph Calvin becomes the first African-American radio host when he begins broadcasting from WGBS in Pittsburgh. January 7: The Harlem Globetrotters basketball team plays its first game. It was established the previous year in Chicago by Abe Saperstein. December 2: Marcus Garvey is deported from the United States. 1928 August 5: Atlanta Daily World, an African-American daily newspaper, begins publication. November 6: Oscar DePriest is the first African-American to represent a northern, urban district when he is elected to Congress representing the South Side of Chicago. He was the first African-American elected to Congress in the 20th century. 1929 June 20: The influential Fats Waller song Ain’t Misbehavin is part of a musical, Hot Chocolates, that debuts on Broadway. Louis Armstrong plays in the pit orchestra and is featured on the song nightly. Sources Anderson, Sarah A. â€Å"‘The Place to Go’: The 135th Street Branch Library and the Harlem Renaissance.† The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy 73.4 (2003). 383–421.  Schneider, Mark Robert. African Americans in the Jazz Age: A Decade of Struggle and Promise. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2006Sherrard-Johnson, Cherene (ed.). A Companion to the Harlem Renaissance. Malden, MA: John Wiley and Sons, 2015.Smith, Jessie Carney. Black Firsts: 4,000 Ground-Breaking and Pioneering Historical Events. Detroit: Visible Ink Press, 2012

Friday, May 15, 2020

The Black Lives Matter Movement - 1197 Words

What is truth and where can we find it? We are always thinking that one is right and one is wrong. But John Mill suggests that truth is going to be found in the middle somewhere as a combination .(Page 43). But if we are only hearing one side, we are limited and cannot find the truth. He believes that suppression is also wrong. In order to find the answer or the truth we must have an open dialogue. truth only comes after expression of our thoughts and expression of our narrative. The black lives matter movement has been coming on strong ever since the death of Trayvon Martin. His death became the representative of all the African American males killed by police officers. This movement brought forth attention of police brutality and ultimately terrified people. In the recent months, the Black Lives Matter movement has received a lot of backlash. This movement inspired others to counter the organization with a â€Å"all lives matter â€Å"movement which began to silence the Black Lives Matter movement. Throughout the movements life span, support of the group has been silenced, ridiculed and called out for being unamerican and anti-white. The black lives matter perspective is only one of the perspectives Mill would find important in this situation. He believes that in order for us to find the truth, we must listen to all sides and find the truth somewhere. Truth only comes after expression of our thoughts and expression of our narrative. In order to find the truth in this situation, theShow MoreRelatedThe Black Lives Matter Movement1356 Words   |  6 Pagesthe product of racial profiling, a movement has risen up to combat these common issues. The most recent and most well-covered is the Black Lives Matter Movement. Even though it has been lauded by some media sources and individuals as the next great movement to champion for civil rights, the Black Lives Matter movement is not the same as the African-American Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s nor is it likely to be as successful. If the Black Lives Matter Movement continues with discrepancies in ideologyRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement790 Words   |  4 Pagescitizens rose up to demand a change, known as the Black Lives Matter movement. Due to others not clearly understanding the mission, the connotation associated with the movement has turned negative from conservative media. Those participating in the protest for a better justice system have been painted as hoodlums, racis t, and disturbers of peace. The news outlets have become biased on the information presented to the public, in fact the updates of the movement have begun to play on the fear of the viewersRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement1179 Words   |  5 PagesThe Black Lives Matter movement has swept across America. It s branched out with chapters in over 31 cities and held rallies and boycotts across the United States(Sidner). The Black Lives Matter movement started with the outrage of the death of a young man. It continues to take over headlines and raise awareness on police brutality and inequality. However, the movement has met resistance from the All Lives Matter group. This group thinks that Black Lives Matter is a movement to express hatred towardsRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement872 Words   |  4 PagesPaper 5 Black Lives Matter Movement A close examination of the online representation of a fringe community or counterculture would be the Black Lives Matter movement. The Black Lives Matter movement is a community in America that has represented itself after all of the many innocent African American lives that have taken by law enforcement and the Caucasian male who went into the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church and opened fire on the members of the church. The Black Lives Matter movementRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement1235 Words   |  5 Pagestheir anger and sadness about the result with the Black Lives Matter hashtag. While there were many documented cases of police brutality before Michael Brown’s death, this was the one that truly popularized the Black Lives Matter Movement (Acosta). The Black Lives Matter movement is â€Å"working for a world where Black lives are no longer systematically and intentionally targeted for demise† (About), as well as highlighting the contributions Bl ack lives have made to society. Media have a strong influenceRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement893 Words   |  4 PagesDiscrimination is a struggle that African Americans know all too well. The Black Lives Matter strives to stand up for those wronged by society and also raise awareness to an issue that has surprisingly gone unresolved. The articles â€Å" Black lives Matter: A movement takes shape†, and â€Å" The condition of black lives is one of mourning â€Å" both show the dire need for the black lives matter movement through a combination of appeals that allows them to draw attention to different aspects of the problems withoutRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Is A Movement1659 Words   |  7 PagesIn 2013, a movement called Black Lives Matter, started to advocate their motto and cause for stopping police brutality and racial injustice. The movement is being supported by many other African Americans and TV networks like B.E.T. Black Lives Matter is a movement that began after George Zimmerman was found not guilty of the murder of Trayvon Martin. The movement grew stronger after the death of two unarmed African Americans last year, Michael Brown of Ferguson, Missouri and Eric Garner of New YorkRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesThe Black Lives Matter movement was created in 2013 after the acquittal of Trayvon Martin’s killer, and after the killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri. In 2014, the phrase became a bold component for a new chapter in an age old historical fight to end social injustices. But the movement’s disruptive protests’ and passionate public speeches about racial inequality have been concerning to many American citizens who are curious about what the goal is for this generation of protesters. OneRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement1453 Words   |  6 PagesThe black lives matter movement has been in the news is a major social movement since Mike Brown was shot in Ferguson Missouri. Sin ce that event, there have been many spin-offs to the black lives matter cause. White lives matter, blue lives matter, and Hispanic lives matter. This has become a more divisive idea instead of being a cause that can invoke change. Given my background and personal experience, all lives matter; even the ones that wear bulletproof vests and guns on their hip. People seeRead MoreThe Black Lives Matter Movement1655 Words   |  7 Pagesfighting for respect for a single human life, blacks are focused on the safety of their community while the whites are fighting to keep respect and gain safety. The Black Lives Matter movement, also known as BLM, has been occurring since 2013 when the #blacklivesmatter began trending on Twitter after the death of Trayvon Martin. This movement was not started to cause problems, but only as a support group for the African American community. As growth to the movement occurred, the retaliation levels jumped

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

I Focus On Drinking For The West Bank s Water Supply Essay

Awela Musleh looks around her house during an interview with NPR News, ashamed of the disarray around her. Musleh is a mother of six, struggling to survive in the Palestinian-occupied West Bank, one of the most politically tumultuous regions of the world. â€Å"Look at how dirty my house is,† she tells Daniel Estrin, the host of the interview, â€Å"I focus on drinking, not cleaning.† Where she lives, water is a luxury. She relies on a few buckets of water to wash her dishes, shower by hand, and flush the toilet—buckets of water she bought from a truck that brings in water from other areas—trucks that are accused of such terrible price gouging, they’re outlawed in many Palestinian towns. But Musleh has no choice. Her town hasn’t had water for over two weeks. Since the 1950 Oslo Peace Agreement, Israel has had dominion over the West Bank’s water supply, NPR News notes. While theoretically, Israel is required to cooperate with Pales tinian authorities, given the political context of the region, it’s no surprise this isn’t the case. Instead, Mekorot, Israel’s national water company, has circumvented the Palestinian Water Authority (PWA) and implemented shoddy water management techniques, vastly disadvantaging entire towns like Salfit. Al Jazeera reporter Sheren Khalel reports Salfit receives â€Å"between 30 and 40 percent of their normal water allowance.† Though COGAT, Israel’s Coordination of Government Authorities, says that such shortages are due to broken pipes, Khalel reportsShow MoreRelatedMultilateral Aid And Non Government Aid1123 Words   |  5 PagesThere are millions of people suffering in the world, just under 1 billion people live on less than 2 Australian dollars a day, over 2 billion do not have access to clean drinking water and roughly 150 million child are unable to attend school. The Australian government spent over $5.4 billion on foreign aid links in 2 012. Aid is the transfer of necessities to assist others on a local, national or international scale. International aid, which this report focuses on, is the assistance given to a developingRead MorePoliomyelitis in Nigeria1712 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction For Nigeria, the polio virus is still around in the country because of purely religious reasons. A section of the country, precisely the northern axis spurned a theory that the polio vaccine was fertility control tool of the west. Nothing could be further from the truth! But for intervention of senior clerics and prominent politicians from the area, there would have a standstill in the eradication efforts. To worsen matters, damage had been done by the time of the interventionRead MoreInformation Theory Optimization for Location of Sensors in Water Distribution for Contaminant Detection 3274 Words   |  14 Pagesfresh drinking water is basic need of every human being. With the increase in population the dependency on water resources increasing day by day which are all ready in scared. But the population expands on the banks of rivers, nalas, and lakes or on water ponds. Because in this they can easily access water and there sewerage enters in these water bodies. In this way the lakes and water resources polluted which are dangerous for the health of downstream population. The Rawal Dam is a key water supplyRead MoreThe Dairy Industry Of India Essay3900 Words   |  16 Pagesnumerous processing plants, many cooperative societies and government agency centres have achieved. About the Indian dairy Industry India s dairy sector plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the country and is an important segment of the rural economy. Dairy industry provides livelihood to millions of homes in the village and city, ensure the supply of quality milk and dairy products for urban and rural areas. With a view to keep speed with the growing demand for milk and milk productsRead MoreCub A Large Island Of That Of The West Indies Group2399 Words   |  10 PagesCUBA Overview Cuba, quite a large island nation in the Caribbean known for their cigars, beautiful beaches, and rum. In fact according to an article on info please with a research on Cuba, the country is in fact â€Å"the largest island of that of the West Indies group.† The climate in Cuba is one of semitropical, except for deep in the mountain range area. Most of the fCuban land is flat but also has the areas around the country that are filled with hills and mountains of limestone and other variousRead MoreEnvironmental Factors in Business5042 Words   |  21 Pagescompany Macro environment consists of larger societal forces that affect all the actors in the company’s micro environment. ï  ½ Micro Environment ï  ½ Suppliers ï  ½ ï  ½ ï  ½ ï  ½ ï  ½ Those who supply the inputs to the company. Source/Sources should be Reliable Uncertainty regarding the supply or other supply constraints compel companies to maintain high inventories causing cost increases. Very risky to depend on a single supplier The purchasing department should â€Å"market† itself to suppliers, to obtainRead MoreEssay about The Florida Everglades3153 Words   |  13 Pagesdefined in one word: water. There has always been plenty of water available within the Everglades’ ecosystem, but no logical way to extract it. Our extraction efforts eventually led to devastating results. My paper will focus on the initial policy and practices involved in the extensive downgrading of this once biologically unequaled ecosystem; as well as discuss recent policy initiatives that have been implemented in order to restore the Everglades to its once magnificent status. I will attempt to defineRead MoreWater as a Source of Future Conflict in Sa26984 Words   |  10 8 PagesCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Fierce competition for fresh water may well become a source of conflict and wars in the future. - Kofi Annan, former U.N. Secretary-General in 2001 Background of the Study 1. Water is directly related with the survival of human kind and it is crucial unlike other resources, because it does not have choices and alternatives. As a consequence of global warming and pollution, importance of water has increased much. Some 2 billion people† already lack water supplies. WaterRead MoreNestle Consume Behavior10543 Words   |  43 Pageshas proven this ability a number of times by introducing new products that were required by consumers. Especially, the launch of Nestle Pure Life in Pakistan proves the accuracy of this fact. In Pakistan, there was a need for safe and healthy drinking water and Nestle responded to this consumer need by introducing Nestle Pure Life. HOW NESTLE DEFINE MARKETING: Building customer relationship based on customer value and satisfaction is at the very heart of modern marketing. The two fold goals ofRead MoreCNPC CSR report25861 Words   |  104 Pageshas been reviewed by the Company’s management and its subsidiaries. Report improvements: In order to showcase our social responsibility performance in an objective, comprehensive and prioritized manner, the 2012 report added some contents like â€Å"Water Resources Management† and â€Å"Staff Communication. While compiling this report, we carried out on-site investigations on the CSR performance of our affiliated companies, verified the authenticity of case studies, extensively solicited opinions and

American Rock N Roll Essay - 1578 Words

American Rock ’n’ Roll was a huge influence on the idea of Pop as it affected young people and gave them their own distinct interests. Pop figures at the time such as Elvis Presley and the Beatles gripped the youth of the mid-20th century and defined a discernible difference between the young and the old. Post-war depression was replaced by a youthful optimistic spirit, which allowed for expression of self among the youth of American society. The optimistic spirit offered by pop culture icons allowed the youth to recover from a society which condemned them. An extreme example of this condemnation is the Kent state massacre of 1970 where 4 students were killed and 9 were wounded (History.com Staff 2009). Fashion, particularly the mini skirt, was the largest expression of Pop. The mini skirt displayed multiple Pop styles through the change of its shape while also being visually influenced by art styles coming into existence at the time such as Pop art and art deco. Pop wa s also influencing art/design and architecture/furniture styles. These styles are evidenced through bold designs that included bright colours, patterns, and unusual shapes but overall were exciting and eye-catching. They gave people incentive to keep up with current styles while still maintaining appeal to the young people. Both during and after this period of pop and consumerist development, a change in designoccurred. The American design profession was developed in the late 1920s when people realised thatShow MoreRelatedAmerican Pie Is A Song That Made A Huge Impact On Americans850 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Pie is a song that made a huge impact on Americans in any time period. Don McLean sang about the events from the nineteen fifties through nineteen seventies after Buddy Holly’s death. Many events from those years are controversial. McLean also stated how music changed from these decades. Rock ‘n Roll used to be popular since the fifties. American Pie by Don McLean describes the transition in Rock ‘n Roll music from the iconic history of the mid nineteen hundred. Nonetheless, many criticsRead MoreA Perspective Of Rock And Roll s Impact On Society1653 Words   |  7 PagesA Perspective of Rock and Roll’s Impact on Society â€Å"Rock and roll keeps you in a constant state of juvenile delinquency,† stated Eddie Spaghetti; this quote captures the essence of rock n roll. It speaks it s truth about the influence on attitudes towards authority and implies how society reacted to the new revolution created by Rock ‘n roll, transforming the world into what it has become today. The music affected how people used recreational drugs, having unmarried sex, and threatened the traditionalRead MoreHow Rock N Roll Changed America Essay1241 Words   |  5 Pages Rock ‘n’ roll has played a major role in some known historical developments post World War 2. Music plays a significant part in America s Cold War culture. Music gave us a sense of new technologies and helped the world to prosper. It also is linked with African Americans living in the South. Music was known for shaping the lives of the people during the 1950s and 1960s. Music was geared towards the youth, race, ethnicity, gender and class. â€Å"All Shook Up: How Rock ‘n’ Roll Changed America†Read MoreThe Genre Of Rock N Roll1062 Words   |  5 PagesElvis Presley, also known as the king of Rock ‘n’ roll, once said â€Å"Rock ‘n’ roll music, if you like it, if you feel it, you can t help but move to it. That s what happens to me. I can t help it.† The genre of Rock ‘n’ roll has been a part of the world since the early 1940’s. According to Just a Half a Mile from the Mississippi Bridge: The Miss issippi River Valley Origins of Rock ‘n’ Roll, this genre was born in the Mississippi River Valley and moved up and down its course, including its tributariesRead MoreRock n Roll and Cultural Revolution656 Words   |  3 PagesRock n Roll and Revolution As a distinctly American form of cultural expression, Rock n Roll may be our nations greatest global export. Its influence on popular, social and artistic mores on a global basis is incomparable. Indeed, one could make the argument that most modern forms of popular music derive from the basic components, if not the underlying attitude, or Rock Roll. However, this observation should not be at the expense of considering the yet more powerful influence that this musicalRead MoreThe Impact of Rock n Roll on the Civil Rights Movement1590 Words   |  7 PagesIt was no coincidence that rock ‘n’ roll and the civil rights movement started at the same time. The genre originated from African American music and was greatly discriminated against. Traditional white Americans would target anything bad about it. But as the teenager demographic of the 1950s started increasing the sales of the music, the genre started gaining more popularity. It was the style of Elvis Presley and his n ew voice that made girls weak in the knees and boys want to be him. Artists suchRead MoreChuck Berry An Eccentric, African American Rock N Roller From St. Louis1408 Words   |  6 PagesIn the winter of 1957, Chuck Berry—an eccentric, African American rock ‘n’ roller from St. Louis—recorded one of his most popular and influential songs: â€Å"Johnny B. Goode† (Taylor 27). During a time when Jim Crow laws still had a place in American life and active racism towards African Americans and minorities was commonplace, Chuck Berry’s hit â€Å"Johnny B. Goode† became popular amongst a white audience, and it reached the number eight position on the Billboard List in 1958 (Cooper 301). The rollickingRead MoreRock And Roll : Rock Roll1169 Words   |  5 PagesRey Marinas Mus160 CRN 10962 Homework # 2 Rock Roll Rock music has come a long way since its development in the early 20th century. The genre, defined â€Å"as a merger between rhythmblues and country† (Scaruffi, The History of Rock Music:1955-1966), started out more as an underground market, but ended up becoming a significant aspect of American popular music history. Rock-n-Roll music produce many legendary artists who will forever be known as innovators of the genre. Elvis Presley and ChuckRead MoreAfrican Americans Influence On Music1229 Words   |  5 Pagestoday’s day and age, it’s easy to hear black culture represented in most hip-hop; that is the dominating music genre that expresses African American views. It’s not so easy to remember where African Americans influence on music al began. Black influence on music today is really unrecognized but it’s important to bring to light just how much African Americans really have contributed to the sound, style, and feel of today’s music. Not j ust hip-hop or rap, but all kinds of music. There was one particularRead MoreAll Shook Up: The Birth of Rockn ´ Roll820 Words   |  4 PagesRock ‘N’ Roll’s birth came after the Great Depression and World War II. It was in the 50’s called the baby boomers that started it all. It expanded the teenage population with 3.4 million babies born. The 1950’s scrap the ideology of a conservative family, where the father is the bread winner and the mother was a stay home mother. The young adults found an escape and enjoyment in Rock ‘N’ Roll. Rock ‘N’ Roll started from Southern Blacks slaves that migrated to the North. They brought in a sound

Formation of a Company free essay sample

Refers to the entire process by which a company is brought into existence. It starts with the conceptualisation of the birth a a company and determination of the purpose for which it is to be formed. The persons who conceive the company and invest the initial funds are known as the promoters of the company. The promoters enter into preliminary contracts with vendors and make arrangements for the preparation, advertisement and the circulation of prospectus and placement of capital. However, a person who merely acts in his professional capacity on behalf of the promoter (eg lawyer, CA, etc) for drawing up the agreement or other documents or prepares the figures on behalf of the promoter and who is paid by the promoter is not a promoter. The promoters have certain basic duties towards the company formed :- In case of default on the part of the promoter in fulfilling the above duties, the company may :- A promoter may be rewarded by the company for efforts undertaken by him in forming the company in several ways. The more common ones are :- If the promoter fails to disclose the profit made by him in course of promotion or knowingly makes a false statement in the prospectus whereby the person relying on that statement makes a loss, he will be liable to make good the loss suffered by that other person. The promoter is liable for untrue statements made in the prospectus. A person who subscribes for any shares or debenture in the company on the faith of the untrue statement contained in the prospectus can sue the promoter for the loss or damages sustained by him as the result of such untrue statement. II. Incorporation by Registration : The promoters must make a decision regarding the type of company i. e a pulic company or a private company or an unlimited company, etc and accordingly prepare the documents for incorporation of the company. In this connection the Memorandum and Articles of Association (MA AA) are crucial documents to be prepared. Memorandum of Association of a company : Is the constitution or charter of the company and contains the powers of the company. No company can be registered under the Companies Act, 1956 without the memorandum of association. Under Section 2(28) of the Companies Act, 1956 the memorandum means the memorandum of association of the company as originally framed or as altered from time to time in pursuance with any of the previous companies law or the Companies Act, 1956. The memorandum of association should be in any of the one form specified in the tables B,C,D and E of Schedule 1 to the Companies Act, 1956. Form in Table B is applicable in case of companies limited by the shares , form in Table C is applicable to the companies limited by guarantee and not having share capital, form in Table D is applicable to company limited by guarantee and having a share capital whereas form in table E is applicable to unlimited companies. Contents of Memorandum : The memorandum of association of every company must contain the following clauses :- Name clause The name of the company is mentioned in the name clause. A public limited company must end with the word Limited and a private limited company must end with the words Private Limited. The company cannot have a name which in the opinion of the Central Government is undesirable. A name which is identical with or the nearly resembles the name of another company in existence will not be allowed. A company cannot use a name which is prohibited under the Names and Emblems (Prevntion of Misuse Act, 1950 or use a name suggestive of connection to government or State patronage. Domicile clause The state in which the registered office of company is to be situated is mentioned in this clause. If it is not possible to state the exact location of the registered office, the company must state it provide the exact address either on the day on which commences to carry on its business or within 30 days from the date of incorporation of the company, whichever is earlier. Notice in form no 18 must be given to the Registrar of Comapnies within 30 days of the date of incorporation of the company. Similarly, any change in the registered office must also be intimated in form no 18 to the Registrar of Companies within 30 days. The registered office of the company is the official address of the company where the statutory books and records must be normally be kept. Every company must affix or paint its name and address of its registered office on the outside of the every office or place at which its activities are carried on in. The name must be written in one of the local languages and in English. Objects clause This clause is the most important clause of the company. It specifies the activities which a company can carry on and which activities it cannot carry on. The company cannot carry on any activity which is not authorised by its MA. This clause must specify :- In case of the companies other than trading corporations whose objects are not confined to one state, the states to whose territories the objects of the company extend must be specified. Consequences of an ultravires transaction :- However, the doctrine of ultra-vires does not apply in the following cases :- The following are exceptions to the rule of limited liability of members :- Capital clause The amount of share capital with which the company is to be registered divided into shares must be specified giving details of the number of shares and types of shares. A company cannot issue share capital greater than the maximum amount of share capital mentioned in this clause without altering the memorandum. Association clause A declaration by the persons for subscribing to the Memorandum that they desire to form into a company and agree to take the shares place against their respective name must be given by the promoters. Articles of Association The Articles of Association (AA) contain the rules and regulations of the internal management of the company. The AA is nothing but a contract between the company and its members and also between the members themselves that they shall abide by the rules and regulations of internal management of the company specified in the AA. It specifies the rights and duties of the members and directors. The provisions of the AA must not be in conflict with the provisions of the MA. In case such a conflict arises, the MA will prevail. Normally, every company has its own AA. However, if a company does not have its own AA, the model AA specified in Schedule I Table A will apply. A company may adopt any of the model forms of AA, with or without modifications. The articles of association should be in any of the one form specified in the tables B,C,D and E of Schedule 1 to the Companies Act, 1956. Form in Table B is applicable in case of companies limited by the shares , form in Table C is applicable to the companies limited by guarantee and not having share capital, form in Table D is applicable to company limited by guarantee and having a share capital whereas form in table E is applicable to unlimited companies. However, a private company must have its own AA. The important items covered by the AA include :- Alteration of articles of association : A company can alter any of the provisions of its AA, subject to provisions of the Companies Act and subject to the conditions contained in the Memorandum of association of the company. A company, by special resolution at a general meeting of members, alter its articles provided that such alteration does not have the effect of converting a public limited company into a private company unless it has been approved by the Central Government. The articles must be printed, divided into paragraphs and numbered consequently and must be signed by each subscriber to the Memorandum of Association who shall add his address, description and occupation in presence of at least one witness who must attest the signature and likewise add his address, description and occupation. The articles of association of the company when registered bind the company and the members thereof to the same extent as if it was signed by the company and by each member. III. Registration of the Company Once the documents have been prepared, vetted, stamped and signed, they must be filed with the Registrar of Companies for incorporating the Company. The following documents must be filed in this connection :- {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} Certificate of Incorporation Once all the above documents have been filed and they are found to be in order, the Registrar of Companies will issue Certificate of Incorporation of the Company. This document is the birth certificate of the company and is proof of the existence of the company. Once, this certificate is issued, the company cannot cease its existence unless it is dissolved by order of the Court. IV. Commencement of Business A private company or a company having no share capital can commence its business immediately after it has been incorporated. However, other companies can commence their activities only after they have obtained Certificate of Commencement of Business. For this purpose, the following additional formalities have to be complied with :- If a company has share capital and has issued a prospectus, then :- {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} {text:list-item} Once the above provisions have been complied with, the Registrar of Companies grants Certificate of Commencement of Business after which the company can commence its activities

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Slavery After Emancipation Essay Example For Students

Slavery After Emancipation Essay contact me to receive the sources usedAfter President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, former slaves took on a new role in American society. This role was one of more significance and self worth than in slavery, but this class of freedmen was anything but appreciated. Without the manpower of the slaves, the souths agricultural society would fail, and without the agriculture there would be little money or food in the south. The passing of the Louisiana Black Code in 1865, confirmed that whites felt as if blacks could not handle the responsibility or the rights of true citizens. Whites thought they did not deserve these rights because they were inferior to themselves and simply less than human. These restrictions were so harsh; it is, as slavery had never ended. The blacks were free, however many of the negroes everyday rights were abolished. Section 3, of the Louisiana Black Code states No negro shall be permitted to rent or keep a house within said parish. Section 9 declares that No negro shall sell, barter, or exchange any articles of merchandise or traffic within said parish. And one of the worst of these codes is in Section 4 of the Louisiana Black Code. Every negro is required to be in the regular service of some white person, or former owner, who shall be held responsible for the conductor of said negro. (Doc 1) This was basically returning payed-slavery. Many blacks remained on these farms and pl antations because they did not know what else they could do after emancipation. However, now they were being forced into staying because few knew anything other than farming. In December of 1865, Congress voted to stamp out these codes. Testimony to the southern white sentiment showed what would have happened if states were allowed to employ their own laws in regards to slavery. (Boyer, 503)Blacks soon develop a sense of freedom and want to create lives for themselves. They do not want to remain in a place and continue to be employed by those who previously treated them as animals. Mr. Lewis, a former slave, tells a planters wife, Mrs. Henry, I want to move away and feel ontirely free and see what I cen do by myself. Even kind masters, like the Henrys, lost many slave due to the want and need of freedom. (Doc 2) Charles Davenport stated Freedom meant us could leave where usd been born and bred, but it meant, too, dat us had to scratch for our ownselves. (Doc 5) Outsiders made indepe ndence nearly impossible though. The sharecropping system, in which most had worked before, was still the only employment available and certainly the only work blacks knew as familiar. Rural merchants tried to give blacks a chance for employment, but often forced them into a position where they would sharecrop. (Boyer, 520)The Ku Klux Klan was also had a devastating effect on both the black mind and body. The Klan greatly influenced the black freedom. Klan members would harass, beat, and even kill those blacks that did not take the clans advice, usually telling them to vote democratic. One man was taken out by the Klan, beaten, and was told to promise he would vote the democratic ticket. He responded by saying I dont know how I will vote; it looks hard when a body thinks this way and that way to take a beating. (Doc, 5) Enforcement Acts attempted to reduce the Ku Klux Klans activities. These Enforcement Acts first goal was to protect black voters themselves. The elections would also be federally supervised. These Acts went another step forward by limiting the rights of those whom disadvantaged or impeded blacks voting. The president was also given the power and authority to position federal troops in an area declared to be under rebellion of these laws. Unfortunately, Grant withdrew many federal troops positioned throughout the south and disabled an effective way of enforcing the Acts. (Boyer, 515)Black family and social life began to steadily improve. Family dynamics were turning toward more traditional ways with the man was at the head of the household completing most of the manual labor. the negro women are not disposed to field work, as they formerly were. The man are rather inclined to get their wives into other employment, and think this will be the constant tendency just as it is with whites. (Doc 2) Many blacks soon wanted to be educated and literate. Many public schools, supervised by the Freedmens Bureau, were built so ex-slaves and their children co uld be educated. Black churches also offered a place where blacks were offered a participatory experience. Funds were raised for schooling and Republican policies were supported in these churches. By 1865, black ministers assumed political roles and the first black conventions were held. (Boyer, 516)After a case in reference to the monopoly of butchers in Louisiana, the 14th Amendment was able to interpret much more narrowly. In 1873, the Supreme Court ruled that the 14th Amendment was only applicable to rights of national citizenship in Slaughterhouse, not state citizenship. The federal government was not obligated to protect such rights against violation by the states. This ruling nearly nullified the intent of the 14th Amendment. Later, the case of U.S. v. Reese in 1876, voting rights established in the 15th Amendment became distorted. After this case, the 15th Amendment was made clearer by stating prohibition by race, color, or previous condition was illegal, however voting was not guaranteed. Another 1876 case, U.S. v. Cruikshank ruled that ordinary crimes would be handled by states not federal government. This ruling threw out the effectiveness of the Enforcement Acts. (Boyer, 525) Also in 1876, Republicans negotiate with Democrats over the presidency. They agreed to take all federal troops out of their stations in South Carolina and Louisiana. .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 , .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .postImageUrl , .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 , .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28:hover , .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28:visited , .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28:active { border:0!important; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28:active , .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28 .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u73c53190f1fd54855472dc2752ae4c28:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Importance of Culture Essay We will write a custom essay on Slavery After Emancipation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now While vast improvements of the social rights of blacks were made, most political rights were still restricted. Blacks took two steps forward while being pushed back one. However, they gained their basic freedom and became educated. They would no longer be inferior in their own eyes to whites and would make strives in forward progression throughout the next century. History Essays

Saturday, April 18, 2020

Argument Essay Sample - A Great Resource For Beginners

Argument Essay Sample - A Great Resource For BeginnersThis essay sample from Argumeny is an excellent example of the content writing class that students can take. For those interested in pursuing a degree in essay writing, it may be a good idea to read through this essay sample before taking it. Of course, if you are already a student in the particular course that you would like to take, you may wish to skip the further explanation of the outline and just go straight to the essay.Many of us struggle with the writing process in one way or another, but sometimes we think there are easy ways to lose our focus and be overwhelmed. This is one such time, and this text by Argumeny is a perfect example of how easy this can be. Students can take this course if they are interested in improving their writing skills. There are more advanced exercises that are provided as well to make this exercise sample even more interesting and challenging.This introduction is written in an easy but effective manner that is sure to give you a chance to try out your skills. There are no complicated sentences, and this is a good introduction to writing the course work and completing the final exam. As long as you remember to answer the questions correctly, you will be very satisfied with your efforts. If you find that you get distracted easily, this lesson may not be for you. If you find yourself bored after reading the introduction, you may wish to continue with the rest of the material.A fair number of us at some point find ourselves in an ordinary daily life where we are required to write a lengthy document about a situation. The three paragraphs below will help you develop a plan for creating an essay that will help you with writing that you can use in your everyday life. This will help you develop your own style of writing that will stand out from the rest of the crowd, and you will be able to write an original and relevant article that others will be impressed with.When it comes to l earning how to write a well-written essay, this is a great place to start. There are many lessons that help you determine what styles are best, which topics are popular, and how to structure an essay in a way that you can learn from. Remember that each essay is unique and there are no rules that can be applied to all essays, but rather there are a few general tips and techniques that you can use to make your own writing style distinct.A few students find themselves confronted with a particularly important issue for which they may need to write an essay. In this case, this introduction could be your best source of information. Students can learn how to write a master's thesis with the help of this essay. This is a good introduction to writing a master's thesis and can help you determine what kinds of topics you might consider when preparing for this type of writing.If you are having trouble with a topic that you have come across, then this essay sample can prove to be a great source of information. Students can learn about many different types of articles that are helpful for a variety of purposes. Students can learn about writing persuasive essays, providing solutions to questions, and addressing controversial issues, all from this particular essay.Students will also be able to find tips for writing essays for students, as well as suggestions for writing articles for newspapers and magazines. Students can benefit from this lesson and find great tips on how to write articles that are beneficial for those in their future endeavors. This is a great way to make sure that you do not waste time while writing the papers that you need to write, and you will be using the right resource to get you through the tough times.

Monday, April 13, 2020

The Shoehorn Sonata free essay sample

The Shoe-Horn Sonata by John Misto The opening scene, with Bridie demonstrating the deep, subservient bow, the kow-tow, demanded of the prisoners by their Japanese guards during tenko, takes the audience straight into the action. As the interviewer, Rick, poses questions, music and images from the war period flash on the screen behind Bridie, and the audience realises they are watching the filming of a television documentary. The time is now, and Bridie is being asked to recall the events of fifty years earlier. This scene establishes who Bridie is, and introduces the audience to the situation: the recall and in a sense the re-living of memories of the years of imprisonment. Characterisation TASK: Re-read the play. Go through and highlight specific characteristics of our two protagonists – ensuring that you can provide evidence from the play (The evidence could be lines or phrases of dialogue, their actions, current or past, or their body language as described in the text. We will write a custom essay sample on The Shoehorn Sonata or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ) Character| Specific Characteristics| Evidence from the play| Bridie| | | Shelia| | | ACT amp; SCENE| Spine Summary (3-4 lines)| Quotations| Act 1, Scene 1| | | Act 1, Scene 2| | | Act 1, Scene 3| Eg. Women find themselves in the water and the song ‘Young Jerusalem is sung by young Sheila †¦. | | Act 1, Scene 4| | | Act 1, Scene 5| | | Act 1, Scene 6| | | Act 1, Scene 7| | | Act 1, Scene 8| | | Shoe Horn Sonata Act ONE Analysis Re read each scene and write a short summary outlining the ‘spine’ of the scene (What keeps it together). Write in full two of the main quotes from the scene that supports the spine summary. Do this for AT LEAST 3-4 scenes PER act Shoe Horn Sonata Act TWO Analysis ACT amp; SCENE| Spine Summary (3-4 lines)| Quotations| Act 2, Scene 1| | | Act 2, Scene 2| | | Act 2, Scene 3| | | Act 2, Scene 4| | | Act 2, Scene 5| | | Act 2, Scene 6| | | Act 2, Scene 7| | | Re read each scene and write a short summary outlining the ‘spine’ of the scene (What keeps it together). Write in full two of the main quotes from the scene that support the spine summary. Do this for AT LEAST 3-4 scenes PER act Characterisation Characterisation can mean two things: 1. The nature of a particular character as it is presented in a text. This would include age, appearance, temperament, past life experiences, personality traits, characteristic ways of expression, values and ideals, motivations, reactions to circumstances, responses to other characters. 2. The methods the composer of a text has used to project this character to the audience or reader. These would include, among other things, the words they use or others use about them, their decisions and actions, their body language, responses to others’ words and actions, the motivations they reveal. See Activities] The play’s structure is based on the differences in character and temperament between Bridie and Sheila which are gradually revealed to the audience. The action of the play revisits their past hardships and terrors, but the final focus is on the trauma they have suffered afterwards. The revelation of the crises they have each faced is presented as a healing action, which lead s to the resolution of their differences and a satisfying closure to the play. Misto’s own motivations for researching these events and writing the play is made clear in his Author’s Note (p. 6). His perceptions of Australia’s neglect to honour such women as Bridie is suggested when she says: â€Å"In 1951 we were each sent thirty pounds. The Japanese said it was compensation. That’s sixpence a day for each day of imprisonment. † Introduction to Play Sheila’s arrival at the motel from Perth introduces immediately one source of friction between the two: they clearly have not been in touch with one another for many decades. Each is just finding out basic information as whether the other ever married or had children. The audience sees, too, that the warmth of Bridie’s greeting: â€Å"Gee it’s good to see you† is not reciprocated by Sheila. The audience wonders why not. The revelations by the end of Act One will finally show the reason. The body language described on page 26 indicates the deep underlying tension between the twoyet the scene ends with their lifting the suitcase as they used to lift the coffins of the dead: to the cries of Ichi, ni, sanYa-ta! Their shared experiences are a strong bond. The Shoe-Horn Sonata is divided into two acts: the longer Act One, with eight scenes, and a shorter Act Two, with six scenes. It follows theatrical custom by providing a major climax before the final curtain of Act One, which resolves some of the suspense and mystery, but leaves the audience to wonder what direction the play will take after the interval. The action cuts between two settings: a television studio and a Melbourne motel room. The extreme danger the prisoners faced is indicated by Bridie during this exposition: over-crowded ships sailing towards an enemy fleet, the unpreparedness of the British garrison in Singapore for the invasion, the fear of rape for the women. Misto thus sets up some of the issues to be confronted during the course of the play between the Australian Bridie and the former English schoolgirl Sheila. Sheila appears in Scene Two, and the major conflict of the play begins to simmer. Journey through memory For the rest of Act One, the shared memories of Bridie and Sheila become those of the audience, through the dramatic techniques Misto uses. In Scene Three, the audience is reminded of how young Sheila was when she was taken prisoner. The voice of a teenage girl sings part of ‘Jerusalem’, the stirring and visionary song with words by English poet William Blake, and the mature Sheila joins in. (Later Bridie and Sheila sing it together. ) Bridie’s attitude from their first meeting as shipwreck survivors drifting in the sea is protective of Sheila. She sees her as â€Å"another stuck-up Pom†, and hits her with her Shoe-Horn to keep her awake. Sheila has been taught by her snobbish mother to look down on the Irish, the label she puts on the Sydney nurse from Chatswood because of her surname. Further differences between the two surface in Scene Five, when the â€Å"officers’ club† set up by the Japanese is described. But by the end of this scene they are recalling the choir and â€Å"orchestra† of women’s voices set up by Miss Dryburgh. Scene Six opens with Bridie and Sheila in a conga line singing the parodies of well-known songs they’d used to taunt their captors and keep their spirits up Pain and tension Soon they are arguing, focusing on their differing attitudes to the British women who in Bridie’s view were â€Å"selling themselves for food† to the Japanese. The tension rises as more and more is revealed about the deteriorating conditions for the prisoners and the relentless number of deaths, especially in the Belalau camp. At the end of the Act, in a dramatic gesture, Sheila returns the Shoe-Horn. She had claimed to sell it for quinine to save Bridie’s lifebut in fact as she now reveals she had been forced to sleep with the enemy to buy the medicine. She extorts from Bridie the implicit admission that she would not have made that sacrifice for her. Bridie says nothing, but cannot face Sheila. Sheila is shattered by the realisation: â€Å"All these years I’ve told myself that you’d have done the same for me. [Calmly] I was wrong, though, wasn’t I? † Act Two opens back in the studio, where Bridie and Sheila explain on the documentary the appalling conditions in the death camp of Belalau. Suspense is built by the revelation that orders had been given that no prisoners were to survive to the end of the war. The audience wants to know how there could have been survivors. They also want to know how or if the tension in the relationship between the two women can be resolved. It becomes clear that the traumatised Sheila cannot in civilian life face any sexual relationship; nor has she felt able to return to Britain or to face remaining with her family in Singapore. She has led a quiet life as a librarian in Perth. Her nights are filled with nightmarish recollections about Lipstick Larry, and she drinks rather too much. In contrast, Bridie had been happily married for years to the cheeky Australian soldier who had waved and winked at her at Christmas behind the wire. She is now widowed and childless. Ambush and resolution Misto is preparing an ambush for the audience. By Scene Twelve, Bridie’s â€Å"disgrace† is revealed. Spooked when she is surrounded by a group of chattering Japanese tourists in David Jones Food Hall, she runs away with a tin of shortbread and later pleads guilty in court to shoplifting. â€Å"I still lie awake cringing with shame† she tells Sheila. She could not explain the truth about her phobia to the court or to her family and friends. The effect on Sheila is more than Bridie expected. She now decides that she can be at peace only if she faces the truth in public. She explains: â€Å"There are probably thousands of survivors like usstill trapped in the wartoo ashamed to tell anyone. † Bridie urges her not to. But in Scene Thirteen after they have recounted how they were eventually discovered and rescued, days after the end of the war, it is in fact Bridie who reveals the truth of Sheila’s heroism and self-sacrifice. She then finds the courage to ask Sheila to explain about her shoplifting arrest The scene ends with the declaration Bridie has waited fifty years for: â€Å"And I’d do it all over again if I had to. cause Bridie’s my friend † The tensions between the two have now been resolved: the secrets are out, both the personal ones and the long-hidden information about the experiences of the women prisoners and internees. The brief and cheerful last scene shows their friendship restored, the Shoe-Horn returned to its rightful owner, plans made for a Christmas reunion, and, finally, the peacetime dance they had promised one another in the camp. The Blue Danube plays: â€Å"It is the music of joy and triumph and survival. †

Wednesday, March 11, 2020

Attack On America essays

Attack On America essays On September 11, 2001 a terror struck every human being in the world. A terrorist attack on the worlds twin trade centres in New York, New York, struck everyones attention. The two towers where demolished by two 747 airplanes. The buildings collapsed not to long after that incident, as people still could not believe what was happening in the world. Over five thousand people are reported missing. What exactly should be done to the people responsible for these actions? This question is very difficult to answer considering that the people responsible remain anonymous. Personally, I think the United States should put together the best anti-terrorist group and eliminate those who are a threat to our society and nature. Hearing that Bin Laden is involved, a military strike should be considered on Afghanistan since the people refuse to give him up to the U.S. government. This situation is difficult since Bin Laden is hiding, and has been involved in these types of activities a few years bac k with a well known history of terrorism. The decision is really tough since the people choose no other way of surrendering, so this leads to the fact that America is going to build a great army and go into Afghanistan and eliminate the disturbing nation of threat. The big part about all this is that if it gets really serious, people from the surrounding countries will feel the strike may also have an affect on their country, which may lead to these countries to responding as well. The worst thing of all would be starting a world war since some of the countries dont agree with the United States for striking back at Afghanistan. This would cause a lot of chaos since people would be terrified and very alarmed. The United States should make some agreements with other nations in the world to figure out a way to prevent this tragedy, and a way to get the people to justice for doing what they have done. As of today, it looks like there is no hop...

Sunday, February 23, 2020

Organizational design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizational design - Essay Example The second stage is relevant in detailing team or group roles, configurations, and staffing. At this point, the sizes of current units are identified and then specific tasks and objectives assigned to the teams and individual employees. This stage is crucial in that it helps outline challenges and opportunities in fitting together the organizational design. Once the management has identified the issues affecting them and assigned roles to different groups and individuals, the next stage is the transition and the implementation of the set plans. During the transition level, the organization identifies approaches necessary to the implementation of the plan. The management seeks to identify activities like the leadership training, staffing policies, and employee communication. Once the transition planning is achieved, the organization sequences the plan on a primary implementation timeline. Here the organization determines what needs to be done, by who, and when it should be completed. The management identifies employee empowerment needs and plans for the best approach to achieve them. The organization also develops a set of expectable employee roles and behaviors. At this point, skills are determined according to their levels of advancement. Training is then provided depending on the needs of individual employees to acquire the required skills. The employees are also guided on the best approaches so as to work mutually in the attainment of the organizational goals The management assesses the achieved performance against the expected goals and scorecards. The organization seeks to identify the changes arising from the new process and areas that need extra considerations. Once the organization has identified these sectors, then adjustments are made to the design. An example of an effective organization design process can be defined in the case of Toyota. Toyota is headed by people within the founder’s inner circle

Friday, February 7, 2020

Why do people choose to take Complementary Medicines and Therapies Essay

Why do people choose to take Complementary Medicines and Therapies - Essay Example Here the emphses re rther different. While mny of the topics my seem fmilir from the policy driven gend-regultion, the evidence bse, use of CM by generl prctitioners (GPs), nurses nd others-they re treted in very different wy. ssumptions re chllenged; motives nd strtegies re explored. CM is first nd foremost exmined s topic worthy of study in its own right, s historiclly specific socil product. Phenomen re studied in their socil context. It is this sociologicl rther thn policy-driven strting point tht underpins this study. While the reserch covered herein my provide insights of prcticl benefits, tht is not usully its fundmentl purpose. I have to express my thankfulness to people who participated in my research. They were of great help as through the interviews I conducted it became possible to complete the research. I am also acknowledged to my professor, Mr INSERT THE NAME, who instructed me during composition of my thesis. Also I have to mention my wife/parents, who helped through writing and research. I feel honoured to know such great people and am happy that this topic is of such a broad interest. Complementry nd lterntive medicine (CM) is now mjor prt of the helthcre system in ll dvnced societies. It is lso common prt of discourse in medicine nd helthcre. This growth of interest hs only prtilly been mtched by cdemic study of it. Indeed, over recent yers there hs been n incresing recognition tht CM is essentilly under-reserched (House of Lords 2000). However, with this recognition hs come n incresing concentrtion on prticulr form of reserch-tht gered towrds the production of n evidence bse nd/or n immedite relevnce to policy nd prctice. There ws n extrordinry growth in the use of complementry nd lterntive therpies nd medicines (CM) in the ltter hlf of the twentieth century in Europe, ustrli, Cnd nd the US (Ernst 2000; Sks 2001; Wootton nd Sprber 2001). This pper sets out some of the explntions tht hve been presented to help understnd this extrordinry growth nd, wherever possible, exmines empiricl studies to evlute, modify or extend those explntions The globl extent of the growth nd the globl chnge in sttus nd nomenclture mens tht the reson for the chnges cn not be found by exmining specific country's helthcre systems. Nor cn it be found by exmining helth providers or even by looking t people who re sick. Sick people do turn to CM, but the dys when doctors could dismiss lterntive medicine s the lst refuge of the terminlly ill re long

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Analysis of the Credit Card Industry in Turkey Essay Example for Free

Analysis of the Credit Card Industry in Turkey Essay The current Turkish government is very pro western and secular, however its divided religious loyalties, issues surrounding Greek sovereignty rights and fundamentalist groups threaten the expected 5 year stability of this administration. Government involvement in banking The Turkish Government has a history of involvement in banking affairs which is of concern to international investors. The Turkish state owns and finances a number of its banks and provides artificial stability to the banking system through state funded initiatives. The Government has also tailored wages in line with inflation rates e. g. minimum wages rates. With recent IMF intervention the long term plan for Turkey is still not absolutely clear. EU Membership The Turkish Government is pro EU membership and this is potentially the biggest paradigm shift on the horizon for Turkey’s financial system, this factor is further dealt with as a key driver. Economic †¢ Interest Rates Low interest rates in Turkey fuel loan take-up and have caused increase in credit card issue. Historically higher interest rates led to more widespread loan default and meant that less switching occurred as consumers were â€Å"tied† to provider. Economic growth in Turkey, with higher levels of middle and upper income, urban dwelling professionals and better access to continuing education has undoubtedly increased credit card take-up. (This could also be construed as a social factor). †¢ Global financial crisis The effects of the global financial crisis will have a major effect on banking restrictions to lending and credit availability in Turkey. Turkey’s export markets will be likely affected by the ongoing crisis which has a major effect on GDP which in turn affects spending power. Social †¢ Higher standard of living Higher standards of living among consumers have a beneficial knock on effect for credit cards issuers. In Turkey 7. 5% of GDP is invested back into education thus consumers are more financial savvy. †¢ Urban/Rural Divide Urban dwellers have a much higher likelihood of credit card use given their potential for access of issue and probability of a regular wage earning role. As the economy develops Turks are increasingly moving off the land from poorly paying seasonal work to the cities that offer a better chance of regular income and personal development. Technology †¢ E –Commerce Worth in excess of 2 billion euro to the economy and with 16 million people accessing the internet E-Commerce is a huge growth area and potential distribution channel for the credit card industry. It is also a medium for information driven purchasing through advertising potential and its access is furthered through telephone technology integration. †¢ SMART Cards The security afforded to the credit card industry through use of SMART cards has a beneficial affect on usage through; 1. Increased level of merchants accepting the facility 2. Security for use in Internet Cafes (here large numbers access the internet) 3. Security of service has become a battleground for competition among issuers Coupled with the above technologies, the explosion in EPOS facilities mean more access to products and services through credit card use, homogenising the myriad of potential transactions and benefiting both consumer and merchant. ATM’s also have further facilities to enhance the benefits of using plastic such as bill pay, mobile kiosks etc. Legal †¢ Intervention of Government/Key official Institutions There have been widespread changes in the law in Turkey affecting the credit card industry such as; 1. Restriction on credit card limits . Illegality of altering terms without informing consumer 3. Increases in minimum payment required 4. The Central Bank’s lowering of the interest rate cap 5. Loosening of the frameworks around mergers and acquisitions All of these interventions alter the attractiveness of the market for the credit card industry, which was historically fraught with lack of reg ulation and anti-consumer practises. Identify the 4 KEY DRIVERS FACING THE CREDIT CARD SECTOR 1. Technological Advances 2. State Intervention in Financial Affairs 3. EU membership 4. Rural-Urban Migration Technological Advances The rapidly advancing technology in the field of mobile payment will have a lasting effect on the credit card industry. Companies that can stay ahead of the game with new technologies in security, risk management and will be best placed to benefit from increased A physical â€Å"credit card† is really only a vehicle to hold a magnetic strip containing coded information. In terms of technology this is already quite dated; †¢ Already systems are designed to â€Å"swipe† a card on a merchant’s mobile phone, this will allow for a myriad of services which will no longer require cash transaction e. g. street traders. Advances in retina scanning technology are also at an advanced level and it is envisaged that the future of mobile payments may be through facial recognition or retina scanning. †¢ Other technology such as what is used in â€Å"The Baja Beach Club in Barcelona† where they inject a rice-size â€Å"VeriChip† RFID device into the wrist or upper arm of its patrons whom pay by swiping their arm – adapted from http://www. creditcards. com/credit-card-news/credit-cards-of-the-distant-future State Intervention The level of further state intervention in Turkey’s financial affairs will be a key driver in Turkey’s future credit card success or decline. As we have seen, moves by the government to regulate the industry have impacted on the potential earnings of the banks through lowering interest rates. In turn this type of regulation has stabilised the markets and led to economic growth which impacts positively on numbers of consumers available to the sector. Whether the current â€Å"Republican Democracy† in Turkey will be in power going forward is obviously of importance to this argument. With elections due in 2011 the future of state intervention in banking affairs is unclear. EU Membership Turkey becoming a full member of the EU will be another key driver in the credit card industry. EU entry will mean the freeing of trade and access to a further 500 million consumers. It is most likely that Turkey would be a more attractive market for global companies, of interest here, financial organisations who would be attracted by the large numbers of â€Å"unbanked† consumers and those who see Turkey strategically as the gateway to Eastern markets. The credit card market would likely become much more competitive with new entrants who would most likely look to merge with/acquire existing indigenous banks. Rural-Urban Migration According to the case study the majority of people in the rural areas of Turkey tend not to be credit card users. As the economy improves larger numbers of rural people (especially male) will likely move towards the larger urban centres to participate in the industrial or service sectors. This in turn leads to greater numbers with the potential to use credit cards, in turn offering greater numbers of potential consumers to the sector. SECTION 2 – Porters 5 Forces 2. Use the five forces framework to identify the forces affecting the Turkish credit card sector a. Graphically illustrate the five forces (see overleaf) b. Draw conclusions from the 5 forces analysis to explain; 1. How attractive the sector is I consider the Turkish credit card sector to be an attractive market for a large multinational e. g. BNP or Barclays to enter. From my analysis I have concluded that consumers are fragmented and suppliers are concentrated. Rivalry is high, yet only among 4 suppliers, considering rivalry in an industry such as haulage this must be considered attractive. Capital requirements of entry are high, but not on the scale of industries such as mining might be. Economies of scale and experience exist, however for companies already in credit card markets in other countries by no means insurmountable. The threat of substitutes is relatively low as the credit card holds a relatively niche position. Product differentiation/loyalty is low among existing consumers; good offers would attract new business, as would strong internet presence. Turkey has; â€Å"40 percent of people who are bankable based on their socio-economic status and age in Turkey are still â€Å"unbanked,† having no accounts with any banks in Turkey â€Å" (www. mckinsey. om/clientservice/ /Credit_Cards_in_Turkey. ashx) This data identifies a large section of the Turkish population who are potential consumers for a new entrant; therefore the market could potentially grow significantly for all players involved. 2. How the competitive forces are changing/may change The competitive forces are currently changing most notably in areas such as consumer access to information. More widespread access and use of the internet will drive further competition in the market through portals such as comparison websites, industry reviews etc. This will ultimately increase bargaining power of consumers, leading to decreased profits for suppliers. EU accession would alter the competitive forces among the major players currently in the sector. Interest rates set by the ECB, participation in the single currency etc. would have a significant impact on the state financed banking institutions and would alter their relevance. One would suspect that in a free market system the Turkish government would relish the opportunity of divesting the burden to international organisations to increase competition. With increased market stability and better financial education, consumer’s use of substitutes may extend to less expensive forms of credit such as personal loans. Coupled with better economic conditions consumer’s use of debit cards may also increase; given that currently lower income workers struggle to maintain a balance sufficient to cover their living costs. 3. How the sector may change to reflect changing forces The credit card sector can move more of its marketing budget toward E-Marketing and target new and younger consumers through this medium. MBNA have used this marketing channel very successfully in the past. In order to combat increased uptake of personal loans and increased use of debit cards the credit card sector may look at collective lower interest rates, better offers through loyalty bonuses and customer kickbacks and better education of its customers as to how to better use their credit cards. In order for the credit card sector to prepare for increased competition post EU accession it may look to further differentiate its offerings to appeal to the Turkish people e. g. align the credit offering with cultural values or emotions. It might be necessary to offer further services aligned to credit cards such as life insurance to augment and differentiate the offering. 3. Scenario Planning Scenario 1 â€Å"Renewed Political/Terrorist Violence in Turkey† In recent years, terrorist bombings some with significant numbers of casualties -have struck religious, political, and business targets in a variety of locations in Turkey. The potential remains throughout Turkey for violence and terrorist actions both by transnational and indigenous terrorist organizations such as PKK, . Revolutionary Peoples Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C) and AlQa’ida. Adapted from http://www. eubusiness. com/europe/turkey/invest) Given Turkey’s increasing dependence on foreign direct investment a return to more concerted campaign of political violence would spell disaster for the credit card industry. Large financial corporations, especially US owned would be deterred from entering the market, or potentially pull out of t he market thus decimating competition. Access to sources of international credit and lending would dry up therefore affecting consumer’s ability to purchase products and services on credit. Turkey’s export market would potentially be destroyed as Western nations would deter from transacting in case monies were being skimmed to fund further terrorist activity. This would further lower the GDP of the country affecting the spending power of consumers in turn negating the need for credit cards. Further knock on effects of violence include the loss of capital Governments have available to invest in its economy, on education and infrastructure. Government capital would have to be spent on further military and security projects. The tourism industry, a huge earner for Turkey would be decimated as travelers would fear the threat of violence. The black market economy would thrive under such conditions and regular banking functions would significantly cease with many consumers using cash/barter systems of attaining needs. With respect to the Credit card sector, this scenario would be highly detrimental to its future, as consumer confidence in the financial service sector would be decimated. The sector would have to pour vast resources into transaction security and marketing the brand safety and correct usage policies to consumers. Default numbers would likely increase due to instability and escalating interest rates. Scenario 2 â€Å"Turkey Gains Full EU Membership† â€Å"The EU is committed to supporting Turkey in its path for membership. The initial objective of EU financial support towards Turkey was the extension of an area of peace, stability and prosperity within and beyond Europe. Once the Union accepted Turkey as a candidate, financial assistance began to focus on supporting Turkey in its preparation for EU membership† http://www. eubusiness. com/europe/turkey/funding A study on the EU (http://europa. eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction. o) reported the following economic benefits of a country joining the EU; 1. An average of 2. 15% increase in GDP 2. Exchange rates for Turks travelling through Europe would be eliminated, as would the potential damaging effects exchange rate swings have on Turkish exports. I would assume that the credit card sector would become significantly more competitive in the light of EU membership therefore the sector would have to increase its marketing and branding spend, but would have a larger pool of consumers to choose from.